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Shining a light on PE ownership.

Industry Playbook

The
Restaurants
Playbook

Understanding how private equity typically operates in the restaurants sector.

10companies tracked
7common tactics

Common PE Tactics in Restaurants

Tactics
01

Portion Reduction

Reduce portion sizes while maintaining or increasing prices

Consumer Impact

Less food for same price, feeling cheated as a customer

VERY COMMON
02

Ingredient Substitution

Switch to cheaper, lower quality ingredients to cut costs

Consumer Impact

Food tastes worse, potential health impacts from lower quality

VERY COMMON
03

Franchise Squeeze

Increase fees and requirements on franchisees to extract more value

Consumer Impact

Franchisees cut corners to survive, service quality drops

COMMON
04

Menu Engineering

Reduce menu variety to focus on high-margin items

Consumer Impact

Favorite items removed, less choice for customers

VERY COMMON
05

Labor Minimization

Reduce kitchen and service staff, increase automation

Consumer Impact

Longer wait times, worse service, order errors

VERY COMMON
06

Real Estate Sale-Leaseback

Sell restaurant properties and lease them back

Consumer Impact

Restaurant becomes financially unstable, closure risk

COMMON
07

Promotional Elimination

Reduce or eliminate popular promotions and deals

Consumer Impact

Higher effective prices, loss of value deals customers enjoyed

COMMON

Warning Signs to Watch

Red Flags

Menu prices increasing without obvious reason

Warning sign #1 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Portion sizes noticeably smaller

Warning sign #2 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Favorite menu items disappearing

Warning sign #3 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Food quality or taste declining

Warning sign #4 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Wait times for food increasing

Warning sign #5 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Staff seem overworked or undertrained

Warning sign #6 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Restaurant cleanliness declining

Warning sign #7 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Popular promotions discontinued

Warning sign #8 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Franchise locations closing

Warning sign #9 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Negative reviews mentioning quality decline

Warning sign #10 that may indicate PE involvement or upcoming changes.

Typical Timeline

Phases
0-6 monthsCompleted

“0 to 6 months”

Minor changes to menu, pricing, and operations begin

6-12 monthsYOU ARE HERE

“6 to 12 months”

Noticeable portion or quality changes, some menu items removed

12-24 months

“12 to 24 months”

Regular customers start noticing significant quality decline

24-36 months

“24 to 36 months”

Store closures accelerate, brand reputation damaged

36+ months

“36+ months”

Potential bankruptcy or sale to another operator

Consumer Impacts

Effects
EMPLOYEES

Smaller portions for same or higher prices

Smaller portions for same or higher prices

CUSTOMERS

Lower quality ingredients affecting taste

Lower quality ingredients affecting taste

QUALITY

Favorite menu items discontinued

Favorite menu items discontinued

HEALTH & SAFETY

Longer wait times during visits

Longer wait times during visits

EMPLOYEES

Worse customer service experience

Worse customer service experience

CUSTOMERS

Restaurant locations closing nearby

Restaurant locations closing nearby

QUALITY

Gift cards potentially worthless in bankruptcy

Gift cards potentially worthless in bankruptcy

HEALTH & SAFETY

Jobs lost in local community

Jobs lost in local community

Historical Examples

Case Studies

Red Lobster

See details

PE Firm · N/A

Red Lobster (Golden Gate) - Bankruptcy May 2024, 99 locations closed, Endless Shrimp controversy

TGI Friday's

See details

PE Firm · N/A

TGI Friday's (TriArtisan/Allegro) - Store closures, quality complaints, struggling

California Pizza Kitchen

See details

PE Firm · N/A

California Pizza Kitchen (Golden Gate) - Bankruptcy 2020

PF Chang's

See details

PE Firm · N/A

PF Chang's (TriArtisan) - Ongoing cost-cutting, quality concerns

Romano's Macaroni Grill

See details

PE Firm · N/A

Romano's Macaroni Grill (various PE) - Multiple ownership changes, declining

Friendly's

See details

PE Firm · N/A

Friendly's (Sun Capital) - Bankruptcy twice, massive closures

PE-Owned Restaurants Companies

10 companies in our database

TG

TGI Friday's

restaurants
ACTIVE
P.

P.F. Chang's

restaurants
ACTIVE
OU

Outback Steakhouse

restaurants
ACTIVE
LO

Logan's Roadhouse

restaurants
ACTIVE
FR

Friendly's

restaurants
ACTIVE
BO

Bob Evans

restaurants
ACTIVE
AR

Arby's

restaurants
ACTIVE
BU

Buffalo Wild Wings

restaurants
ACTIVE
SO

Sonic Drive-In

restaurants
ACTIVE
QU

Quiznos

restaurants
ACTIVE

What to Watch For

1

Compare current menu to historical menus online

2

Note any changes to signature dishes or recipes

3

Watch for franchise closure announcements

4

Monitor food review sites for quality complaints

5

Track news about labor disputes or staffing issues

6

Compare portion sizes to past experiences

7

Use gift cards promptly after PE acquisition announced